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E700. The Soul. **Tobler; **Feilberg Sjæletro (København, 1914); Åke Hultkrantz Conceptions of the Soul among the North American Indians (Stockholm, 1953); Hilda R. Ellis The Road to Hell, A Study in the Conception of the Dead in Old Norse Literature (London, 1943) 170ff. – Greek: Waser Über die äussere Erscheinung der Seele in den Vorstellungen der Völker, zumal der alten Griechen (Archiv für Religionswissenschaft XVI [1914] 336); Irish myth: *Cross; Skandinavian: *K. S. Kramer Die Dingbeseelung in der germanischen Überlieferung (München, 1939); Estonian: Loorits Grundzüge I 182 – 190, 251 – 266, 491 – 506; German: Meyer Germanen 68ff.; Jewish: Neuman; N. A. Indian (Iroquois): Hewitt The Iroquoian Concept of the Soul (JAFL VIII 107).
E700.1. Names given the soul. Jewish: Neuman.
E702. Composition of the soul. Jewish: *Neuman.
E703. Creation of souls. Jewish: *Neuman.
E705. Soul forgets everything at birth. Jewish: Neuman. Cf. Wordsworth “Ode on Intimations of Immortality”.
E706. Abode of unborn souls. Jewish: *Neuman.
E707. Person with more than one soul. Jewish: Neuman.
E708. Soul sustained on pleasant odors. Jewish: Neuman.
E714.1. Soul (life) in the blood. *Fb “blod” IV 46b, “sjæl” III 213b; Paris Zs. f. Vksk. XIII 12 n. 1; Finnish: Holmberg Finno-Ugric 4; Jewish: Neuman.
E714.4.1. Eaten heart gives one the owner’s qualities. Fb “hjærte” IV 218b; N. A. Indian: *Hultkrantz 397 – 411; Jewish: Neuman; Icelandic: *Boberg.
E714.6. Soul (life) in the breath. Finnish: Holmberg Finno-Ugric 7; Jewish: Neuman; India: Thompson-Balys; N. A. Indian: *Hultkrantz 179 – 208.
E714.13. Soul fastened to spine. Jewish: Neuman.
E721.1. Soul wanders from body in sleep. Dreams explained as experiences of the soul on these wanderings. *Frazer Golden Bough III 36ff.; Fb “sjæl” III 213a; Tobler 22, 37, 67; Herbert III 209; Oesterley Gesta Romanorum No. 172. – English: Guy of Warwick (EETS extra ser. XXV) lines 9358ff.; Icelandic: Boberg; Irish: Plummer clxxii, *Cross; Spanish Exempla: Keller; Lithuanian: Balys Index No. 3520; Jewish: *Neuman; India: *Thompson-Balys; Chinese: Werner 93; Siberian: Holmberg Siberian 473f.; Hawaii: Beckwith Myth 144, 173f.; Cook Islands: Clark 81; Marquesas: Handy 81; Easter Island: Métraux Ethnology 56, 363; Eskimo (Greenland): Holm 62; Africa (Fang): Trilles 133.
E721.7. Soul leaves body to visit hell (heaven). (Cf. V511.1, V511.2.) Irish myth: *Cross; Jewish: *Neuman.
E721.9. Soul of embryo wanders. Jewish: Neuman.
E722.2. Manner of soul‘s leaving body. Jewish: Neuman.
E722.2.10. Soul taken away by God (angel). Jewish: Neuman.
E722.2.12. Soul leaves body because of God‘s kiss on mouth. Jewish: Neuman.
E722.3.2. Soul wanders till corpse decays. Fb “lig” II 413a; Finnish: Holmberg Finno-Ugric 3f.; Jewish: *Neuman; Marshall Islands: Davenport 222; Chinese: Graham.
E726. Soul enters body and animates it. *Chauvin V 287 No. 171; Irish myth: *Cross; Jewish: *Neuman; India: Thompson-Balys; Chinese: Werner 266; N. A. Indian: *Hultkrantz 149 – 179.
E726.1. Soul received at birth. Jewish: Neuman; Siberian: Holmberg Siberian 472.
E730.1. Souls of animals. Slavic: Máchal 227; Jewish: *Neuman.
E732. Soul in form of bird. (Cf. G251.1.1.) **Weicker Der Seelenvogel in der alten Literatur und Kunst; *Dh III 482; *Fb “fugl” I 380b, “sjæl” III 214a; *Patch PMLA XXXIII 626 n. 88; De Gubernatis Die Thiere in der indogermanischen Mythologie (Leipzig, 1874) 469ff.; Meyer Germanische 64; *Krappe Balor 95ff., Romanic Review XV 94ff.; *Penzer VI 283; *BP II 394 (Type 707); Tobler 30f.; Wimberly 44; Kruyt 175f.; J. E. Harrison Prolegomena to the Study of Greek Religion 199ff.; Irish myth: *Cross, Beal XXI 322, O‘Suilleabhain 99; Icelandic: *Boberg; Slavic: Máchal 229f.; Finnish: Holmberg Finno-Ugric 7f.; Siberian: Holmberg Siberian 398, 473; Egyptian: Müller 174; Jewish: *Neuman; Japanese: Ikeda; Marquesas: Handy 36; N. A. Indian: Hultkrantz 266f., 363; Africa (Basuto): Jacottet 60 No. 9.
E732.1. Soul in form of dove. (Cf. E423.3.1.) Type 756B; Andrejev FFC LXIX 154; Tobler 28f.; *Crane Miraculis 93 No. 27; Alphabet Nos. 204, 269; Meyer Germanische 63; *Loomis White Magic 66; Irish: *Cross, Beal XXI 317, 320, 332, O’Suilleabhain 45, 99, 53; Swiss: Jegerlehner Oberwallis 320 No. 35, 323 No. 133; Spanish Exempla: Keller; Jewish: *Neuman.
E734.1. Soul in form of butterfly. Tobler 37; Meyer Germanische 63; Hdwb. d. Abergl. II 1627f.; Güntert Kalypso 215ff.; Frazer Golden Bough I 259. – Irish: Beal XXI 307, O’Suilleabhain 24; Breton: Sébillot Incidents s.v. “âme”, “papillon”; Finnish: Holmberg Finno-Ugric 7f.; Jewish: Neuman; Siberian: Holmberg Siberian 473; Japanese: Anesaki 337; Chinese: Eberhard FFC CXX 266; Hawaii: Dixon 76, Beckwith Myth 148.
E734.8. Soul in form of grasshopper. Jewish: *Neuman.
E742. Soul as light. *Type 332; Fb “sjæl” III 214b, “lys” II 482a; BP I 377ff., *388; Icelandic: *Boberg; Irish: Plummer cxxxviii, Cross, Beal XXI 315, O‘Suilleabhain 41; Breton: Sébillot Incidents s.v. “vie”; French Canadian: Barbeau JAFL XXIX 24; Spanish: Boggs FFC XC 82 No. 708A*; Jewish: Neuman; Eskimo (Greenland): Rasmussen III 48; N. A. Indian: *Hultkrantz 260ff.; Africa (Fang): Trilles 133.
E743. Soul as shadow. Tobler 89; Meyer Germanische 66; Fb “skygge” (1) III 347b, “sjæl” III 214b; Wundt Völkerpsychologie IV 125ff.; *Hdwb. d. Abergl. IX Nachträge 137; *Frazer Golden Bough III 77ff.; Finnish: Holmberg Finno-Ugric 6, 12; Jewish: Neuman; N. A. Indian: Hultkrantz 257ff, 302ff.
E750.1. Souls wander after death. *v. Negelein Zs. f. Vksk. XI 16ff., 149ff., 263ff.; Jewish: *Neuman; Japanese: Anesaki 237ff.
E751. Souls at Judgment Day. Irish: *Cross; O’Suilleabhain 62, 78, Beal XXI 324, 327; Spanish Exempla: Keller; Jewish: *Neuman.
E752.2. Soul carried off by demon (Devil). Frazer Golden Bough III 60; *Fb “djævel” IV 99b. – Irish myth: *Cross; Spanish Exempla: Keller; Jewish: *Neuman; Eskimo (Greenland): Rink 464.
E754.2.2. Souls carried to heaven by angels. (Cf V232.2.) Hdwb. d. Märch. s.v. “Engel”; Irish myth: *Cross; Jewish: *Neuman.
E754.5. Souls carried to heaven in chariot of light. Jewish: *Neuman.
E754.6. Souls climb pillars of smoke and light on way to heaven. (Cf. E722.2.1.) Jewish: *Neuman.
E754.7. Souls of pious as angels. Jewish: *Neuman.
E755.0.2. Angels separate souls going to heaven or hell. Jewish: Neuman.
E755.0.3. Souls of dead presented to Adam. Jewish: Neuman.
E755.1.1. Heavenly hierarchy. Irish myth: Cross; Jewish: Neuman. Maori: Clark 182.
E755.1.3. Souls on way to heaven pass through Garden of Eden. Jewish: Neuman.
E755.1.4. Sixty thousand Jewish souls in heaven. Jewish: Neuman.
E755.2. Souls in hell (Hades). A. Graf Miti, leggende et superstizioni del medio evo I 241ff.; K. Kohler Heaven and Hell in Comparative Religion (New York, 1923); Fb “helvede” I 589; Pauli (ed. Bolte) Nos. 122, 281, 406; Alphabet No. 43; Irish: *Cross, Beal XXI 320, O’Suilleabhain 53; *Icelandic: Boberg; Jewish: *Neuman.
E755.2.8. Series of hells. (Cf. A651.2.) Jewish: Neuman.
E756.1. Devils and angels contest for man’s soul. *Wesselski Märchen 199; *Fb “djævel” IV 99b; *Crane Miraculis 87 No. 11; Irish myth: *Cross; Spanish Exempla: Keller; Italian Novella: Rotunda; Livonian: Loorits FFC LXVI No. 808*; Lithuanian: Balys Index No. *808; Estonian: Aarne in FFC XXV No. 808*; Jewish: *Neuman.
E757. The soul prays. Jewish: *Neuman; Chinese: Werner 268.
E761.1.5. Life token: blood boils. French: Cosquin Lorraine No. 5; Jewish: *Neuman.
E761.3.4. Life token: trees prostrate themselves. Jewish: Neuman.
E761.5.5.1. Life token: stones prostrate themselves. Jewish: Neuman.
E761.5.6. Life token: sheaves prostrate themselves. Jewish: Neuman.
E783. Vital head. Retains life after being cut off. (Cf. D992, F511.) Irish myth: *Cross; Icelandic: Boberg; Spanish Exempla: Keller; Jewish: *Neuman; India: *Thompson-Balys; West Indies: Flowers 432.
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